Consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en población peruana durante la pandemia COVID-19
Palabras clave:
Sustancias psicoactivas; COVID-19; Pandemia; CuarentaResumen
Introducción: El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en pobladores peruanos durante la pandemia. Método: La investigación fue de tipo cuantitativa descriptiva, diseño no experimental de corte transversal, la muestra estuvo constituida por 1932 sujetos de ambos sexos, las edades oscilan entre los 18 - 65 años. Para la recolección de información se elaboró una encuesta con preguntas relacionadas al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, información laboral y familiar durante la pandemia. Resultados: En los resultados se encontró que las personas que realizan teletrabajo consumen más el alcohol, tabaco, energizantes, tranquilizantes y marihuana; quienes laboran de manera remota presentan mayor consumo de tranquilizantes. El alcohol es la droga legal más consumida, seguida del tabaco y marihuana. Se halló disminución del consumo de sustancias durante la cuarentena. Las personas que consumen alcohol presentaron mayores porcentajes de contagio y pérdida de un familiar. Asimismo, consideran que tiene apoyo de sus familiares o amigos para hacer frente a un contagio del COVID-19. Conclusiones: Se concluye que en la población peruana prevale el consumo de alcohol, tabaco y marihuana, se presenta disminución del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas; sin embargo, se sigue consumiendo a pesar de las restricciones establecidas pero el estado peruano y los riesgos que produce el consumo.
Descargas
Citas
Organización Mundial de la Salud. Mental health and COVID-19. [Internet]. [Consultado 10 ene 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/teams/mental-health-and-substance-use/mental-health-and-covid-19
McKay D, Asmundson GJG. Substance use and abuse associated with the behavioral immune system during COVID-19: The special case of healthcare workers and essential workers. Addict Behav. 2020; 110(2), 106522e. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106522
Radfar SR, De Jong CAJ, Farhoudian A, Ebrahimi M, Rafei P, Vahidi M, Yunesian, M, Kouimtsidis C, Arunogiri S, Massah O, Deylamizadeh A, Brady KT, Busse A, ISAM-PPIG Global Survey Consortium, Potenza MN, Ekhtiari H, Baldacchino AM, Abagiu AO, Abouna FDN., … Zonoozi AK. Reorganization of Substance Use Treatment and Harm Reduction Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Survey. Front. Psychiatry, 2021; 12(abril),349. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.639393
Cai CZ, Lin Y-L, Hu Z-J, Wong LP. Psychological and mental health impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers in China: A review. World J Psychiatr. 2021; 11(7), 337–346. https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v11.i7.337
Damari B, Sarami H, Alikhani S, Mirzaei H. A National survey on substance use among Iranian industrial workers. Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2020; 34(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.34171/mjiri.34.20
Czeisler MÉ, Lane RI, Petrosky E, Wiley JF, Christensen A, Njai R, Weaver MD, Robbins R, Facer-Childs ER, Barger LK, Czeisler CA, Howard ME, Rajaratnam SMW. Mental Health, Substance Use, and Suicidal Ideation During the COVID-19 Pandemic—United States. 2020; June 24–30, 2020. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep; 69(32), 1049–1057. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6932a1
Carmo DRP, do Siqueira DF, de Mello A de L, Freitas E de O, Terra MG, Cattani AN, Pillon SC. Relationships between substance use, anxiety, depression and stress by public university workers. Rev Bras Enferm. 2020; 73(1), e20190839. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0839
Bufquin D, Park J-Y, Back RM, de Souza Meira JV, Hight SK. Employee work status, mental health, substance use, and career turnover intentions: An examination of restaurant employees during COVID-19. Int J Hosp Manag. 2021; 93(1), 102764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102764
Satinsky EN, Kleinman MB, Tralka HM, Jack HE, Myers B, Magidson JF. Peer-delivered services for substance use in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Int. J. Drug Policy. 2021; 95(3),103252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103252
van der Westhuizen C, Malan M, Naledi T, Roelofse M, Myers B, Stein DJ, Lahri, S, Sorsdahl, K. Patient outcomes and experience of a task-shared screening and brief intervention service for problem substance use in South African emergency centres: A mixed methods study. Addict Sci Clin Pract. 2021;16(1),31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13722-021-00239-5
Pagano A, Hosakote S, Kapiteni K, Straus ER, Wong J, Guydish JR. Impacts of COVID-19 on residential treatment programs for substance use disorder. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2021; 123(Abril), 108-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2020.108255
Caycho-Rodríguez T, Carbajal-León C, Vilca LW, Heredia-Mongrut J, Gallegos M. COVID-19 y salud mental en policías peruanos: Resultados preliminares. Acta Med Peru. 2020; 37(3), 396–398. https://doi.org/10.35663/amp.2020.373.1503
Concha CAV, Farfán CHV, Calderón AAC, Bairo WL, Arce BGÁ, Laguna YG, Huamán, JJT. Estrés, ansiedad y depresión con estilos de aprontamiento en enfermeras en contacto con COvid-19 Cusco, Perú. Rev. enferm. CyL (Lima, En Linea). 2020; 9(3),50–60. https://revista.cep.org.pe/index.php/RECIEN/article/view/44
Rogers AH, Shepherd JM, Garey L, Zvolensky MJ. Psychological factors associated with substance use initiation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry research, 2020; 293,113407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113407
Dubey MJ, Ghosh R, Chatterjee S, Biswas P, Chatterjee S, Dubey, S. COVID-19 and addiction. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020; 14,(5),817-823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.06.008.
Horigian VE, Schmidt RD, Feaster DJ. Loneliness, Mental Health, and Substance Use among US Young Adults during COVID-19. J Psychoactive Drugs. 2021; 53(1):1-9. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2020.1836435.
Armitage R, Nellums LB. Substance misuse during COVID-19: protecting people who use drugs. Public Health, 2020; 183,63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.05.010.
Roberts A, Rogers J, Mason R, Siriwardena AN, Hogue T, Whitley GA, Law GR. Alcohol and other substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Oct 29;229(Pt A):109150. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109150.
Global Drug Survey on COVID-19 (2020). Available online at: https://www.globaldrugsurvey.com/wp-content/themes/globaldrugsurvey/assets/GDS_COVID-19-GLOBAL_Interim_Report-2020.pdf
Testino, G. Are Patients With Alcohol Use Disorders at Increased Risk for Covid-19 Infection?, Alcohol Alcohol, 2020; 55(4),344-346. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaa037
Kilian C, Rehm J, Allebeck P, Braddick F, Gual A, Barták M, Bloomfield K, Gil A, Neufeld M, O’Donnell A, Alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe: A large-scale cross-sectional study in 21 countries. Addiction. 2021; 116, 3369–3380. doi:10.1111/add.15530
Taylor S, Paluszek MM, Rachor GS, McKay D, Asmundson G. Substance use and abuse, COVID-19-related distress, and disregard for social distancing: A network analysis. Addict Behav. 2021; 114,106-754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106754
Dunlop A, Lokuge B, Masters D, Sequeira M, Saul P, Dunlop G, Ryan J, Hall M, Ezard N, Haber P, Lintzeris N, Maher L. Challenges in maintaining treatment services for people who use drugs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Harm Reduct. J. 2020; 17(1), 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-020-00370-7
Ornell F, Ferreira H, Nichterwitz J, Pechansky F, Paim F, von Diemen L. The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on substance use: Implications for prevention and treatment. Psychiatry Research. 2020; 289,113096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113096.
De La Rosa MR, White MS. A review of the role of social support systems in the drug use behavior of Hispanics. J Psychoactive Drugs. 2001; 33(3),233-40. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2001.10400570.
Satre DD, Iturralde E, Ghadiali M, Young-Wolff KC, Campbell CI, Leibowitz AS, Sterling SA. Treatment for Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Strategies. 2020. J. Addict. Med, 14(6), e293–e296. https://doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0000000000000755
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 AVFT – Archivos Venezolanos de Farmacología y Terapéutica
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
