Dismenorrea primaria y estrés en estudiantes universitarias venezolanas
Palavras-chave:
Dismenorrea Primaria, Estrés, Estudiantes Universitarias, Menstruación, Primary Dysmenorrhea, Stress, University Students, MenstruationResumo
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de dismenorrea primaria y qué factores influyen en ella, en las estudiantes de diferentes universidades nacionales. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, transversal, cuantitativo y poblacional con una muestra de 466 universitarias actuales distribuidas en 12 universidades venezolanas durante el período de abril 2021 a enero 2022. Resultados: Se obtuvo que 431 de 466 encuestadas (92,5 %) refirieron presentar dismenorrea primaria, siendo un dolor incapacitante para el 54,8 % (n = 236). Cuatrocientos dos estudiantes (86,3 %) mencionaron presentar estrés; el 67,7 % (n = 277; p < 0,032; OR: 2,366 CI 95 %:1,054-5,135) mencionó presentar cambios en el ciclo menstrual, cantidad del flujo menstrual, incremento de la dismenorrea y/o se agravan síntomas asociados al periodo menstrual. Asimismo, se encontró que a menor edad de la aparición de la dismenorrea primaria, más posibilidad de presentar dolor intenso e invalidante y mayores probabilidades de sufrir cambios del ciclo menstrual. Conclusión: El presente estudio constató que la prevalencia de dismenorrea primaria en las estudiantes universitarias venezolanas se ha incrementado, evidenciándose que el estrés es un factor de riesgo importante de la dismenorrea primaria.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea and what factors influence it, in students from different national universities. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, and population study was carried out with a sample of 466 current female university students distributed in 12 Venezuelan universities during the period from April 2021 to January 2022. Results: It was obtained that 431 of 466 (92.5 %) respondents reported presenting primary dysmenorrhea, being disabling pain for 54.8 % (n = 236). Four hundred two students (86.3 %) mentioned experiencing stress; 67.7 % (n = 277; p < 0.032; OR: 2.366 CI 95%: 1.054-5.135) mentioned presenting changes in the menstrual cycle, amount of menstrual flow, increased dysmenorrhea, and/or worsening of symptoms associated with the menstrual period. Likewise, it was found that the younger the age of onset of primary dysmenorrhea, the more likely it is to present more intense and disabling pain, and a greater chance of suffering changes in the menstrual cycle. Conclusion: This study found that the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea in Venezuelan female university students has increased, showing that stress is an important risk factor for primary dysmenorrhea.
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