La caries dental y cambios hormonales en mujeres posmenopáusicas
Palabras clave:
Caries dental, menopausia, estrógenos, cortisol, vitamina DResumen
La menopausia es el periodo en que ocurren cambios fisiológicos en la mujer que dan lugar a cambios adaptativos tanto a nivel sistémico como oral. A medida que todos comenzamos a envejecer, la salud e higiene dental se convierte en una preocupación importante. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la relación entre los niveles hormonales y de calcio durante el período posmenopáusico y la caries dental (D.C). Este estudio estuvo compuesto por 35 mujeres posmenopáusicas (PMW) (grupo 1) (15 con caries dental (grupo 1A) y 20 sin caries dental (grupo 1B), grupo control (grupo 2) compuesto por 15 mujeres con edad inferior a la menopausia (mujeres premenopáusicas). Los grupos de estudio están libres de enfermedades crónicas como diabetes mellitus, cáncer e insuficiencia renal. Se recolectó suero y se analizaron los niveles séricos de calcio (Ca), vitamina D (Vit D), estrógeno (Est) y cortisol (Cort). Nuestros hallazgos muestran una disminución significativa (P<0.05) en los niveles de calcio sérico, vitamina D y estrógeno, y un aumento significativo (P<0.05) en los niveles de cortisol en PMW en comparación con el control. Estas diferencias también se presentan en PMW con caries dental en comparación con PMW sin caries dental. Conclusión: La caries dental se relacionó negativamente con el calcio sérico, la vitamina D y el nivel de estrógeno, mientras que el cortisol se relacionó positivamente en mujeres posmenopáusicas.
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