Características microbiológicas de pacientes con urocultivos positivos del Hospital Universitario del Rio, Ecuador

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the microbiological characteristics of patients with positive urine cultures at the Hospital Universitario del Rio, Ecuador. Materials and methods: An observational, retrospective, and descriptive study was carried out in patients undergoing a urine culture, in the microbiology service in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for adults, pediatric ICU, outpatient, and hospitalization service during 2018, the clinical data were obtained of the medical records department. Results: Of the 395 positive reports, the most common germs among the gram negative were Escherichia coli with 69.6% (n=275), among the gram positive Enterococcus faecalis with 3% (n=12), and among the fungal agentes Candida albicans with 6.3% (n=25). Regarding antimicrobial resistance, gram negative germs were mainly resistant to quinolones (47.8%; n=161) and cephalosporins (26.4%; n=89), the most common resistance markers being resistance to quinolones (33.5%; n=113) and extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) (19.9%; n=67). On the other hand, gram positive germs were mainly resistant to oxacillin (20%; n=5), the most common resistance markers being resistance to quinolones (36%; n=9) and Staphylococcus methicillin resistance (20%; n=5). Conclusion: The microbiological reports at the Hospital Universitario del Río, Ecuador, were predominantly in women, in subjects older than 20 years of age, and with outpatient management; Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans were the most frequently isolated germs, with a high resistance to quinolones.

Keywords: infection, culture, epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance.